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Enrico Barone (born December 22, 1859 in Naples, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies; died May 14, 1924 in Rome, Italy) was a soldier, military historian, and an economist. Barone studied the classics and mathematics before becoming an army officer. He taught military history for eight years from 1894 at the Officers' Training School. There he wrote a series of influential historical military works. In these he employed a method of successive approximations to which his study in economics had introduced him. In 1902, he became head of the historical office of the General Staff. He resigned his commission in 1906. From 1894 he collaborated with Maffeo Pantaleoni and Vilfredo Pareto on the ''Giornale degli Economisti''.〔F. Caffé, () 2008. "Barone, Enrico," ''The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics'', 2nd Edition. Related (links ).〕〔Michael McLure, 2006. ("The 'Pareto School' and the ''Giornale Degli Economisiti''," ) HETSA Conference, History of Economic Thought Society of Australia, 4–7 July.〕 Barone's accomplishments as an economist included these. He was the first to state conditions for which a competitive market could be Pareto efficient.〔William D. Nordhaus, 1992. "The Ecology of Markets," ''Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 89(3), Feb. 1, p. 845. , reprinted in R. Marchionatti, ed. (2004), ''Early Mathematical Economics, 1871-1915: The Establishment of the Mathematical Method in Economics'', v. IV, Taylor & Francis, pp. (227-63 ) (bigger preview). • (Enrico Barone, Il ministro della produzione nello stato collettivista (1908) ) Passages from the Italian original text.〕 The latter corresponds to least-cost-price of production from Pareto efficiency reached in competitive equilibrium. He stressed that such a result could not be arrived at ''a priori'' but only by experimentation on a large scale with great demands on data collection, even assuming fixity of production relations. In this, he suggested that movement toward economic efficiency in a socialist economy was not inconceivable, outlining two types of socialism: a centralized and decentralized model. For such regimes, whatever the distribution rule for output and income adopted by the Ministry of Production, the same economic categories would reappear for prices, salaries, interest, rent, profits, saving, etc., though perhaps with different names. His analysis, and the Austrian Economists' responses, fueled discussion of the economic calculation problem and market socialism in the 1930s.〔 His method also anticipated Abram Bergson's seminal formulation of a social welfare function three decades later.〔 == Notes == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Enrico Barone」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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